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Dr.
Daniel Shapiro
Executive
Director, ISLE
dgs at
csli.stanford.edu
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Research
My research surrounds advanced autonomy and general theories of cognition. I work on cognitive architectures for intelligent agents, the technologies underlying those architectures, and on applications of intelligent artifacts. I am one of the principle authors of the Icarus architecture, which supplies a framework for constructing agents that pursue complex tasks in dynamic environments. I am interested in research on agent motivation, and in establishing trust between artificial agents and their human users. I work with a variety of tools and technologies that enable intelligent agents, e.g., explanation based learning, reinforcement learning, logical inference, reactive programming, decision theory, and operations research, as well as on a variety of tasks that employ intelligent artifacts, such as transfer learning, problem solving, and human-machine spoken dialogue.
I am the past president of Applied Reactivity,
Inc., a company I formed to take my work on value driven agents out of academia
and into application. I have been
a Senior Researcher at the Stanford
University Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), and am currently
an affiliate of its Computational Learning Laboratory (CLL).
Publications
Dissertation
· Shapiro, D., Value-driven agents, Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, Department of Management Science and Engineering. (2001). [Abstract | Full Text]
Books
and Journals, edited
·
Shapiro,
D., and Göker, M. (eds.), AI Magazine Special Issue on Advancing AI Research and Applications by
Learning from What Went Wrong and Why. AAAI Press, Summer 2008.
·
Remagnino, P., and Shapiro, D. (eds.), Computational Intelligence: Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence
Methods for Ambient Intelligence, Volume 23 Issue 4, November 2007.
·
Ramos,
C., Augusto, J., and Shapiro, D. (eds.). IEEE
Intelligent Systems Special Issue on Ambient Intelligence, Vol. 23, No.
2. Mar./Apr. 2008.
·
Augusto,
J., and Shapiro, D. (eds.), Advances in
Ambient Intelligence. (2007). IOS
press. ISBN 978-1-58603-800-7
Some recent papers:
·
Könik,
K., Ali, K., Shapiro, D., Li, N., and Stracuzzi, D. Improving Structural Knowledge Transfer with
Parametric Adaptation (2010). The 23rd Florida Artificial Intelligence
Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-23), Daytona Beach, Florida. (In press.)
·
Könik,
T., O’Rorke, P., and Shapiro, D. Skill Transfer through Goal-Driven
Representation Mapping. Cognitive Systems
Research, Special Issue on Analogies - Integrating Cognitive Abilities,
Vol. 10, No. 3, September 2009. PDF
·
Li,
N., Stracuzzi, D., Cleveland, G., Könik,
T., Nejati, N., Shapiro, D., Molineaux,
M., and Aha, D. (2009). Constructing Game
Agents from Video of Human Behavior, Proceedings of the Fifth AAAI
Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment
(AIIDE), Stanford, CA. PDF
·
Ali,
K., Leung, K., Könik, K., Choi,
D., and Shapiro, D. (2009). Knowledge-Directed Theory Revision,
Nineteenth International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming, Leuven,
Belgium.
·
Shapiro,
D., Könik, K., and O’Rorke,
P. (2008). Achieving Far Transfer in an
Integrated Cognitive Architecture, Proceedings of the Twenty-third
Conference of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence,
Chicago, IL. PDF
·
Billman,D., Shapiro, D., & Cummings, K. (2005) Processes in
Diagnostic Reasoning: Information Use in Causal Explanations. In Program of the
Twenty-Seventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. pp. 262-267,
Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., & Collopy, P. (2004). Communicating values to
autonomous agents. Stanford Spring Symposium on Interaction between Humans and
Autonomous Systems over Extended Operation. PDF
·
Ichise,
R., Shapiro, D., Langley, P. (2004). Structured
program induction from behavioral traces, IEICE
Transactions on Information and Systems, Vol. J87-D-1, No. 6, pp. 730-740
(in Japanese). The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication
Engineers.
·
Langley,
P., Cummings, K., & Shapiro, D. (2004). Hierarchical skills and cognitive
architectures. Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference of the
Cognitive Science Society. Chicago, IL.
PDF
·
Choi,
D., Kaufman, M., Langley, P., Nejati, N., &
Shapiro, D. (2004). An architecture for persistent
reactive behavior. Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems. New York: ACM Press. PDF
·
Langley,
P., Shapiro, D., Aycinena, M., & Siliski, M. (2003). A value-driven architecture for
intelligent behavior. Proceedings of the IJCAI-2003 Workshop on Cognitive
Modeling of Agents and Multi-Agent Interactions. Acapulco, Mexico. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., & Gervasio, M. (2003). Adaptive interfaces
for value driven agents. Stanford Spring Symposium on Human Interaction with
Autonomous Systems in Complex Environments. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., & Langley, P. (2002). Separating skills from preference: using learning
to program by reward. Nineteenth International Conference on Machine Learning. PDF
·
Bay,
S., Shapiro, D., & Langley, P. (2002). Revising engineering models:
combining computational discovery with knowledge. European Conference on
Machine Learning. PDF
·
Ichise,
R., Shapiro, D., & Langley, P. (2002). Learning hierarchical skills from
observation. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Discovery
Science. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., & Shachter, R. (2002). User-agent value
alignment. Stanford Spring Symposium, Workshop on Safe Learning Agents.
Stanford University, Stanford, CA. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., Langley, P., & Shachter, R. (2001). Using background knowledge to speed
reinforcement learning, Fifth International Conference on Autonomous Agents. PDF
Manuscripts:
· Langley, P., Choi, D., & Shapiro, D. (2004). A cognitive architecture for physical agents. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., & Shachter, R. User-agent value alignment.
(Long version) PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., Billman, D., Marker, M., and Langley, P. A
Human-Centered Approach to Monitoring Complex Dynamic Systems. PDF
·
Shapiro,
D., & Shachter, R. Convergent reinforcement
learning for hierarchical reactive plans. PDF
Professional Service
·
Co-Chair, Innovative Applications of
Artificial Intelligence 2010, Chair
IAAI-11
·
Editorial
board, Journal of Ambient Intelligence
and Smart Environments (JAISE)
·
Editorial
board, Journal of Interesting Negative
Results in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning
(JINR)
·
Program
Committee, Goal Directed Autonomy Workshop,
AAAI 2010
·
Program
Committee, 5th Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Techniques for
Ambient Intelligence (AITAmI’10), Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
·
Program
Committee, IAAI-08, IAAI-09
·
Program
Committee, 4th Workshop on Artificial
Intelligence Techniques for Ambient Intelligence, Barcelona, Spain, 2009
·
Chair,
What
Went Wrong and Why:Lessons
from AI Research and Applications
workshop, AAAI Stanford Spring Symposium, 2006
·
Co-chair,
Artificial
Intelligence Techniques for Ambient Intelligence workshop, European Conference
on Artificial Intelligence, 2006.
·
Chair,
Persistent
Assistants: Living and Working with AI, AAAI Stanford Spring
Symposium, 2005
·
Symposium on Learning and
Motivation in Cognitive Architectures, CSLI, Stanford University,
3/22-3/23, 2003. Co-organizer with Pat Langley and John Laird.
·
Co-chair,
Safe
Learning Agents
workshop, AAAI Stanford Spring Symposium, 2002.
·
Program
Committee, International Conference on Machine Learning, 2002.
Teaching
I
occasionally teach a class on Cognitive Architectures through the Stanford Symbolics Systems Program, which surveys the field of cognitive architectures
and provides students with a hands-on experience using such systems. I developed a three quarter series on
Artificial Intelligence through the Management Science and Engineering
department at Stanford, and a course on decision theory in public policy
through the Public Administration Department at California State College in
Hayward. I have taught Lisp
programming, computer architecture, and software engineering. Many years ago, I organized an
interdisciplinary study group that supplied the technical background for a
science fiction book; Flight of the Dragonfly, by Bob
Forward (Timescape, 1984).
For Fun
· My pet pumpkins I grow giant vegetables for competitions and for fun.
·
Our
wedding cake and the MacShapiro Tartan It is a long story. You will have to ask.
·
Glass
Blowing
·
Scottish
country dance
·
Knee
falls and toe dancing
·
With
my Tuvan
throat-singing
instructor in Mongolia
